Rubella, often called the “three day measles” or “German Measles” is a usually mild disease.

What is it?

Many cases go completely undetected. The disease is spread by coughing or sneezing. In adolescents and young adults, joint pain and inflammation may be noted but this is rarely seen in young children. 

Congenital Rubella Syndrome

The form of Rubella however that is very much a problem is know as “Congenital Rubella Syndrome” This occurs if the mother becomes infected during her pregnancy. The results are severe damage to many systems of the baby’s body, including the brain, heart, lungs, spleen and liver. For this reason, every one should know that pesky “three day measles” if caught at the wrong time will have life long consequences. 

Symptoms  

Post Natal – infections occurring after birth:

• Low grade fever (less than 101 F)

• Red rash, beginning usually on the face and spreading to the rest of the body; rash generally disappears in about three days. Swollen glands in the neck and behind the ears
• Red and irritated eyes along with runny nose and cough are occasionally noted. 

Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)

• Swollen abdomen with liver and spleen involved.      
• Heart abnormalities      
• “Blueberry muffin” rash.      
• Eye abnormalities, including cataracts, glaucoma and underdeveloped eyes. 

Treatment:

• Regular feedings as tolerated
• Actaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and discomfort, if needed
• Cover coughs and sneezes
• Wash hands thoroughly after caring for sick child
• Children with Rubella should stay away from day care or exposure to other children for seven days after the rash first appears.   

Call the Doctor if: 

• Diagnosis is in doubt 
• Status of immunization of persons in contact with your child is unknown.
• Anyone pregnant is in contact with your child.
• Severe headache, nausea or vomiting occurs. 

Rubella is preventable and in fact there has been a 99% decrease in incidence since immunization against the disease was initiated. Still, it occurs. Although not as severe as “red measles”, Rubella is still to be reckoned with. It is especially dangerous during early pregnancy and the immunization status or previous history of the disease, should be determined.             

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